Formation of Simple Molecular Glasses by Low-temperature Vapor-deposition and Thermodynamic and Structural Studies on them

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For low-temperature vapor-deposition experiments, we havemodified the adiabatic calorimeter and x-ray diffractometer in our laboratory, andconstructed a precise vapor-deposition line. We have measured the heat capacities of glassycarbon tetrachloride, propene and propane which are the simplest of the glassy molecularsubstances whose heat capacities have been measured before. Clear excess heat capacitiesat low temperatures and glass transitions were observed in these samples. The inelasticneutron scattering experiments revealed that the excess heat capacity is due to the bosonpeak characteristic to amorphous solids. The x-ray diffraction measurements ofvapor-deposited glassy water, propanol, and 1-pentane have clarified the relation betweenthe annealing effect around the glass transition temperature and hydrogen-bond structure.