Experimental Investigation of Response of Endothelial Cells andMeasurement of Fluid Shear Stress Using Blood Vessel Model

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To investigate an influence of a glycocalyx surface layer covering over endothelial cells (ECs) on the flow field or flow through the layer, a high spatial resolution measurement technique was improved for three-dimensional velocity distributions close to a glycocalyx layer by utilizing a confocal micro-PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique. The developed technique achieved to measure three-dimensional velocity distributions in a177 × 177 × 3 m3 region with in-plane resolution of 7 m and with depth resolution of 0.5 m. By optimizing the PIV analysis, the measurement accuracy was improved even with small fluorescent particle of the diameter of 200 nm and large shear rate. Three-dimensional velocity distribution close to the layer of living ECs cultured in microchannel was measured. The results suggested that the developed technique was useful for investigation of velocity field close to the layer.