Improvement of open-circuit voltage in organic solar cells by the insertion of ultra-thin carrier selective layers and new types of self-organized organic semiconductors

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In this study, we have developed the multilayered solar cells fabricated by both vacuum and solution processes. The open-circuit voltage increases with the insertion of carrier selective layers and with the increase in ionization potential (IP) of donor materials. The contributions of ultrathin titania nanosheet (TN) crystallites were also studied in both an inverted bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) cell in indium tin oxide (ITO)/ titania nanosheet (TN)/poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT): phenyl-C61-butyricacid methylester (PCBM) active layer/ MoO3/Ag and a conventional BHJ cell in ITO/ MoO3/ P3HT:PCBM active layer/ TN/ Al multilayered photovoltaic devices. The ultra-thin TN film decreased the leakage current and increased the open circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (η).We also developed the new-types of discotic liquid crystals for the spontaneous perfect homeotropic alignment. .