Pathogenesis and control of circulating fibrocytes and miRNAs causing interstitial/airway fibrosis and initiating/promoting cancer in the lung

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Although the circulating fibrocytes in the patients with progressive fibrosis have been supposed to cause progressive fibrosis, these cells obtained from patients with various stages of IPF became too differentiated to reveal the sensitivity or tolerance to drugs. Therefore, we examined the circulating micro-RNAs (miRNAs) which might effect on circulating fibrocytes in these severe patients. We compared the expression patterns of miRNAs on Days 0, 7, and 21 in the serum and lung tissues. We found miR-30d increased the most toward Day 21, followed by miR-122,-690, 1907, and 3096b-5p, none of which were increased in the lung tissues. Only miR-322 and miR-874 were moderately increased in both serum and lung tissues. These results suggested these circulating miRNAs as possible biomarkers for pulmonary fibrosis.