Development of innovative communication methods based on the pathophysiology of ALS patients

本研究的目的是开发基于生物信号的通信方法为ALS（肌萎缩侧索硬化症）患者使用多学科的方法，同时考虑到临床条件和课程。为此，他们的沟通技能的水平分为五个阶段（I至V），并根据阶段进行了以下研究。结果表明预测发展的沟通障碍。BMI设备的准确率在I期最高，患者的分期越高，准确率越低。感觉功能显著下降，在更广泛的区域观察到信号异常，包括额叶/颞叶萎缩、额叶皮质和感觉区。检查了I期至V期病变的进展，结果表明它们不是相同的临床状况。以下神经通路在V期得到固定：“视路”、“嗅路（边缘系统）"、“前连合”、“Meynert基底核”和“下丘脑”，这与临床结果一致。重要的是要根据这些发现开发设备，并在适当的时候引入它作为护理实践的支持的一部分。

The present study aimed to develop biosignal-based communication methods for ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) patients using a multidisciplinary approach, while taking into account clinical conditions and courses. To this end, the levels of their communication skills were classified into five (I to V) stages, and the following studies were conducted according to the stage. The results suggested predictors for the development of communication disorders. The accuracy rate of BMI equipment was the highest in Stage I; the higher the stage of a patient, the lower the rate. There was a significant decrease in the sensory function, and signal abnormality was noted over a wider area, including frontal/temporal lobe atrophy, the frontal cortex, and sensory area. The progression of lesions in each of Stages I to V was examined, and the results suggested that they were not the same clinical condition. The following nerve pathways were secured in Stage V: “optic path”, “olfactory path (limbic system)”, “anterior commissure”, “nucleus basalis of Meynert”, and “hypothalamus”, which was consistent with the clinical findings. It is important to develop equipment based on these findings and introduce it at an appropriate time as part of support for nursing practice.