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A BIOMECHANICAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS REGARDING THE DELIVERY MOTION AMONG VARIOUS LEVELS OF BASEBALL INFILEDER

不同级别棒球内投手投球动作发育方面的生物力学研究

基本信息

批准号：
22500587
负责人：
MIYANISHI Tomohisa
金额：
$ 2.66万
依托单位：
Sendai University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2010 至 2012
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Kinematic and kinetic differences of the delivery motion among various level of the baseball infielders were compared. A total of 76 infielders from the elementary school (group E, n=22), junior high school (group J, n=18), high school (group H, n=20), and collegiate (group C, n=16) were participated in the present study. The delivery motions for each individual were analyzed by a three-dimensional DLT technique using two high-speed video cameras. Group E infielders had less upper trunk and pelvis backward tilt, greater upper trunk and pelvis forward tilt, greater shoulder external rotation and abduction, less shoulder horizontal abduction, and less joint kinetics productions. Group J infielders had greater upper trunk and pelvis leftward tilts, greater elbow extension, and less joint kinetics productions. Group H infielders had greater upper trunk and pelvis rightward tilts, shoulder horizontal adduction, elbow flexion, and pelvis backward orientation. Group C infielders stood more erect, and had less pelvis backward orientation, greater elbow flexion, greater ranges of motion for the shoulder external-internal rotation and elbow flexion-extension, and generated greater shoulder and elbow joint kinetics. These results suggest that a specific throwing technique used each level could be adopted to increase the efficiency of the delivery throw, which would allow a infielder to improve performance with decreased risk of overuse injury. These results provide a basis for understanding the possible improvement of throwing performance and prevention of overuse injury from one level to the next.

比较了不同水平棒球内野手投球动作的运动学和动力学差异。研究对象为小学（E组，n=22）、初中（J组，n=18）、高中（H组，n=20）、大学（C组，n=16）共76名内野手。通过使用两个高速摄像机的三维DLT技术分析每个个体的递送运动。E组内野手的上躯干和骨盆后倾较小，上躯干和骨盆前倾较大，肩外旋和外展较大，肩水平外展较小，关节动力学产生较少。J组内野手有更大的上躯干和骨盆倾斜，更大的肘部伸展，和更少的关节动力学产品。H组内野手的上躯干和骨盆倾斜度较大，肩关节水平内收，肘关节屈曲，骨盆向后。C组内野手站立更直立，骨盆向后方向更少，肘关节屈曲更大，肩关节内外旋和肘关节屈曲伸展的运动范围更大，肩关节和肘关节动力学更大。这些结果表明，可以采用每个级别使用的特定投掷技术来提高投掷效率，这将使运动员提高性能，降低过度使用损伤的风险。这些结果为从一个层次到下一个层次了解可能提高投掷成绩和预防过度使用性损伤提供了依据。