Medical Exchanges between Modern German and Japan: On the Births ofObstetrics and Women Doctors, and the Prevention of Contagious Diseases

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The study has focused on the medical exchanges between Germany and Japan during the 18th and19th centuries, delineating the reciprocal influences and differences. The study, on its process, included the Anglo-German medical exchanges in the 19th century based on Queen Victoria’s royal family and its tie to German medical scene for the research comparison. Specific themes of each year are: (first year) the biological history of women doctors of the Siebolds in Japan and Germany; (second year) the histories of obstetrics and gynecology, of anatomy in modern Germany and England, focusing on anatomical charts; (third year) and contagious diseases such as tuberculosis and syphilis, and the usage of their moulages for medical education (by Ishihara), Goethe and Ocken’s influence on Carus, who was a doctor-painter (by Mano), and deformity and its representation in Victorian literature and medical periodicals (by Yokoyama). The results of the study were published as a book, and academic articles, and presented at numerous academicconferences.