权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Establishing the Philosophy of Old age based on Theory of Justice

确立以正义论为基础的老年哲学

基本信息

批准号：
22520020
负责人：
SEGUCHI Masahisa
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Nagoya Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2010 至 2012
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Based on their own personal observations of the mind and body, Plato and Aristotle exhibited contrasting ageing theories which contributed to Hellenistic and Roman era philosophy on the subject of ageing. This especially deals with the questions inquired by Cicero, Plutarch, and Seneca on the how the elderly should be involved in politics and society. That is, in comparing whether or not it should be recognized that there is a significance and necessity in lifelong involvement in consortiums and politics, or is it more ideal for the elderly to have a contemplative and leisurely life style (otium) . It is the comparisons of these two views in the role of the elderly in politics and society that has been considered time and time again. Drawing a genealogy of Plato' s ageing theory, Cicero and Plutarch consider the elder years of life to be the period of maturation, stressing the influence and role of education that the elderly should have, and the importance of the elderly to carry high moral standards. On the other hand, Seneca placed importance on focusing on learning in the natural sciences, theology and other contemplative studies within the leisurely time one has away from the judiciary and political realms. In the Epicurus school, old age is viewed as only a momentary part of the everlasting cycle natural mechanism of atoms and vacancy and is left out of consideration in commonality, patriotism and judiciary realms.

基于他们对身心的个人观察，柏拉图和亚里士多德展示了对比鲜明的衰老理论，为希腊化和罗马时代关于衰老的哲学做出了贡献。这尤其涉及西塞罗、普鲁塔克和塞内卡提出的关于老年人应该如何参与政治和社会的问题。即比较是否应该认识到终生参与财团和政治的意义和必要性，还是老年人拥有一种沉思、悠闲的生活方式（otium）更为理想。这两种观点对老年人在政治和社会中的作用的比较一直被人们反复考虑。西塞罗和普鲁塔克绘制了柏拉图衰老理论的谱系，认为老年是人生的成熟期，强调老年人应有的教育的影响和作用，以及老年人树立高尚道德标准的重要性。另一方面，塞内卡重视在远离司法和政治领域的闲暇时间里专注于自然科学、神学和其他沉思研究的学习。在伊壁鸠鲁学派中，老年仅被视为原子和空位的永恒循环自然机制中的一个短暂部分，并且在公共性、爱国主义和司法领域中被排除在外。