Quantitative elucidation for ion induced nucleation in the atmosphere: Approach through the experiments for elementary processes

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Experimental study for cluster ion formation, early stages of ion induced nucleation, has been performed. We developed the experimental equipment, in which the region for production of initial ions is separated from that for generation of cluster ions, in order to define the reaction paths. Gibbs free energy changes for the stepwise association of an H2O molecule were measured for H3O+(H2O)n cluster ions and our method has provided more stable and precise results compared with previous measurements. In the use of initial NO+ ions, we have reduced influence of metastable NO+ ions in produced initial ions, using hydrogen buffer gas.