Study on the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis and flower color breeding of Dutch iris

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In this study, to promote flower color breeding of the Iris garden species, anthocyanins, flavones and anthocyanin biosynthetic genes of Dutch iris (Iris x hollandica) cultivars were characterized. Malonate anthocyanins of delphinidin3pCRG5G, petunidin 3pCRG5G, malvidin3pCRG5G and acetylated C-glycosyl flavones were pre- sumed as novel pigments in the genus Iris. As anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, full length of DFR genes (gDNA) and cDNA homologues of 3RT、F3’5’H, CHI genes were isolated. In addition, transgenic petunia lines with CHS or 5GT genes isolated from the cultivar, ‘Blue Diamond’ were obtained by Agrobacterium methods and were characterized. Finally, the defect or reduction of DFR gene expression in outer perianths of the cultivars ‘White Wedgewood’ and ‘Surprise’ were presumed to be caused by insertions LTR-like retrotransposons into promoter regions of their DFR genes.