Molecular analysis of pathology of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and regulatory mechanism of nitric oxide production

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The study aimed to analyze pathology of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) in relation to innate immunity, and to establish a new approach to evaluate the regulatory mechanism of nitric oxide (NO)production in human nose and paranasal sinuses. We investigated signal transduction mechanisms induced by toll like receptors (TLRs) in the cultured paranasal sinus epithelial cells. Mucosal distribution and cellular localization of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoform expression were analyzed. We have established oral and nasal FeNO measurement using an electrochemical analyzer suitable for monitoring the patients in various treatment modalities. It also comprises potential usefulness as a tool to improve dailyclinical care. We confirmed that higher FeNO levels in ECRS patientsmay reflect the persistence of eosinophilic inflammation in sinus mucosa with concomitant iNOS upregulation and accompanying deposition of oxidized NO metabolites.