Diagnosis of human herpesvirus 6(HHV-6)-associated infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

人类疱疹病毒6（HHV-6）感染被认为是影响造血干细胞移植受者的潜在威胁生命的疾病，因为病毒从潜伏状态重新激活。例如，HHV-6可在免疫功能低下的患者中引起急性脑炎。然而，HHV-6在人类疱疹病毒中是独一无二的，因为它能够进入宿主细胞的染色体。这个实体，被称为染色体整合HHV-6(CIHHV-6)，有可能混淆活动性HHV-6感染的诊断，因为染色体整合HHV-6 DNA序列是通过种系遗传的。因此，CIHHV-6应与急性HHV-6感染区分开来。在所研究的所有CIHHV-6病例中，荧光原位杂交显示HHV-6 DNA与染色体上一个等位基因的端粒区域共定位。在得出有证据表明存在活动性HHV-6感染之前，排除CIHHV-6是很重要的。

Human herpesvirus 6(HHV-6) infection is recognized as a potentially life-threatening condition affecting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients due to reactivation of the virus from a latent state. For example, HHV-6 can cause acute encephalitis in imunocompromised patients. However, HHV-6 is unique among human herpesviruses because of its ability into chromosomes of the host cells. This entity, termed chromosomally integrated HHV-6(CIHHV-6), has the potential to confound the diagnosis of active HHV-6 infection, since chromosomally integrated HHV-6 DNA sequences are inherited through the germline. Therefore, CIHHV-6 should be distinguishable from acute HHV-6 infection. In all CIHHV-6 cases studied, fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that HHV-6 DNA colocalized with telomeric regions of one allele on chromosomes. It is important to exclude CIHHV-6 before concluding that there is evidence of active HHV-6 infection.