Comprehension of epidemiologic information and genomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains causing putative nationwide proliferation

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Genotyping of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been used to estimate their putative transmission routes. In this study, we focused on two genotypes of M. tuberculosis, pECT04 and pECT07, detected occasionally from broad areas in Japan. Totally twelve clinical isolates of the genotypes were genomically sequenced for comparative analysis. Results show that phylogenetic relation among pECT07 isolates was not associated with their geographic origins, which suggests their complicated transmission routes around Japan. Contrary to pECT04, many SNPs characteristic to two isolates of pECT04 were identified. These results mean that comparative genomics of clinical isolates can provide deep traceability of transmission of M. tuberculosis that has never achieved with present genotyping methods.