Citizens' Movements in the 21st Century: An Anthropological Study of Kreuzberg, Berlin

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The aim of this study is to explore contemporary forms of social bond and concepts of the "social." In order to achieve this aim, I conducted ethnographic research on citizens' movements in Kreuzberg, Berlin. I analyze the development of citizens' movements from the mid-1960s to the present and elucidate which people engaged with such movements and how. Citizens' movements in the period under study can be divided into three phases; the "new social movements" of the mid-1960s, the "city movements" of the early 1980s, and contemporary movements. Contemporary movements are characterized by their style of execution: such movements encompass projects that are hybrid in composition, incorporate both the private and public sectors. People with and without immigrant backgrounds are engaged in these projects, either as participants in associations or as individuals. Social bonds constructed in these movements are no longer grasped along dualistic dividing lines.