Detection of tsunami flooding and geochemical estimates of seawater influx

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Lacustrine deposits of the Pacific coast of northeast Japan contain intercalated thin beds of well-sorted medium sand. Examination of the deposits from a coastal site of Sanriku has revealed that sand grains are of marine origin and are fractions of deposits in marshy ponds, transported from the littoral environment by a great flooding of seawater. The mode of sedimentation shown in the thin beds of sand implies that they were deposited by tsunamis, each with a maximum rise of 1 m or more above sea level.