Understanding the formation and destruction processes of dust grains by massive stars and supernovae

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We investigated the formation of dust in the ejecta of supernovae and the destruction of dust in the supernova remnants. Comparing the results of the calculations to the observations, we revealed the composition, size, and amount of dust grains ejected from the supernovae. In particular, we showed that Type II supernovae can produce a sub-solar mass of dust in the ejecta, while Type Ia supernovae are not likely to be the major sources of interstellar dust. In addition, we formulated the non-steady-state formation process of dust in astrophysical environments, and examined the formation condition of dust grains and their average radius in mass-loss winds of very massive stars. We also constructed the evolution model of grain size distribution and predicted the time developement of interstellar extinction curves in galaxies.