X-ray scattering diagnostics of chemical processes in compound and mixture under solid-plasma transition

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High-power laser experimental platform has been developed to investigate dynamically ultrahigh pressured materials macroscopically and microscopically. Measurement of elastically and inelastically scattered X rays was performed simultaneously with measurements of macroscopic parameters including pressure, volume (density), and temperature, resulting in micro-macro diagnosis of materials and its chemical processes.High-pressure stable phase of carbon, diamond, was investigated in the transient region between solid and plasma. We revealed that the carbon system under 10 million atmospheric pressures and 20 thousand kelvin temperatures has a mid-range liquid like structure and an unprecedented ion-ion correlation corresponding to interior of giant planets. This work opened new frontier of high-energy density material sciences.