Mechanical mechanism of movements during start in speed skating

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We investigated the kinetics of the support leg during the start in speed skating by analyzing blade reaction forces measured by instrumented sensor klapskates and kinematical parameters measured by three-dimensional motion analysis. In this study, the 3rd step(left support leg) at approximately 5 m from the start line was analyzed. The peak value in the vertical blade reaction force during start movement(2.93 N/bw) was greater than those in straight and curve skating. This indicates that the external load at the lower limb during the start in speed skating is extremely large. Moreover, the knee joint exerted a large extension power during the second half of the stroke(this peak value was approximately 12 times that of straight skating and 4 times that of curve skating). Thus, a great exertion of the knee extension torque would be a characteristic of the start in speed skating.