A cross-disciplinary analysis of the transitions of global pesticides trade and POPs emission modulated by international conventions and climate variability

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A series of composite analyses were performed in order to quantify the response of global pesticides(insecticides and fungicides) trade to climate modes such as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation. It was demonstrated that in Australia, the El Nino appears to cause reduced precipitation, then suppressed occurrence of malaria, and in turn decreased local demand for insecticides. Development of an integrated environmental risk analysis framework to synthesize the outcome of this study and dynamic and food-web models of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) will help better understand the relative importance of climate modes versus international regulations such as Stockholm Convention on POPs to variability in the pesticide trades.