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Establishment of the 'Commercial Court' in the late 19th century England: its genesis and impact on English commercial law

19世纪末英国“商事法院”的设立：其起源及其对英国商法的影响

基本信息

批准号：
22730011
负责人：
KOMATSU Akihito
金额：
$ 1.91万
依托单位：
Kobe Gakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2010-04-01 至 2014-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

How can courts resolve more commercial disputes with more rapidity, certainty and efficiency? Any court did, does and will always ask for answers for the question. If a judge deals with commericial disputes at his court, he should have expertise not only in commercial law, but also in the reality of commercial transactions. He should steer proceedings with his initiative for the benefit of the parties who, as commercial people, are sensitive to wasted money and time. In the 19th century, English courts failed to catch up with changing commercial reality. The Judicature Acts 1873 & 1875 drastically changed English legal system, but achieved little for more effective commercial dispute resolution. My research project aimed to deal with Justice Mathew's practical initiative to establish 'commercial court' at the Queen's Bench Division, where 'commercial causes' were tried with summary proceedings. It also aimed to explore the impact of its rulings and practices on English commercial law.

法院如何以更快、更确定和更有效率的方式解决更多的商业纠纷？任何法院过去、现在和将来都会要求回答这个问题。如果一名法官在其法庭上处理商业纠纷，他不仅应该具有商业法方面的专门知识，而且还应该具有商业交易的实际知识。他应该主动地为当事人的利益而引导程序，因为作为商人，他们对浪费金钱和时间很敏感。在19世纪，英国法院未能跟上不断变化的商业现实。1873年和1875年的《司法法》极大地改变了英国的法律的体系，但在更有效地解决商业纠纷方面收效甚微。我的研究项目旨在处理马修法官的实际倡议，建立“商业法庭”在王座分庭，在那里“商业原因”与简易程序进行审判。它还旨在探讨其裁决和实践对英国商法的影响。