The Media, Publicness and Cultural Citizenship in Multi-Cultural Societies

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How can we develop the public in the media in the rise of multi-cultural societies, by applying the concept of 'cultural citizenship'? It can be summed up as follows; first while the representation of foreign residents in Japan are recognizable to a certain extent in the mass media, in particular, television, most of them are of celebrities or sports players; those of ordinary foreign residents are still limited. Second, the media representation of Chinese or Korean residents can be rarely found; considerable racist and discriminative discourses are sometimes seen instead. Third, foreign residents are not primarily considered as media audiences. Fourth, independent films are important as they show a variety of their representations. Fifth and finally, it may take a long time to accept the idea of 'cultural citizenship' in Japanese society.