Structural modulation of organic ferroelectrics under external fields

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The origin of polarization in some organic ferroelectrics were revealed from structure analysis and diffraction study under external fields by using synchrotron radiation. In the case of acid-base type supramolecular ferroelectrics, it was elucidated that an enlargement of hydrogen-bond length is one of effective method for the improvement of ferroelectric properties. Furthermore, We find that the ferroelectric properties of organic charge-transfer type ferroelectric, TTF-CA, are governed by intermolecular charge transfer rather than simple displacement of static point charge on molecules. The observed polarization and poling effect on the absolute structural configuration can be interpreted in terms of electronic ferroelectricity, which not only exhibits antiparallel polarity to the ionic displacement but also enhances the polarization more than 20 times that of the point-charge model.