Investigation of numerical methods for prediction of the ionospheric disturbances with observations and numerical simulations

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We have studied auroral energy inputs and atmopheric waves, which are originated in the lower atmosphere, in the polar upper atmosphere. The resultant ionospheric and thermospheric variations have been also investigated both from radar and lidar observations and numerical simulations. From the radar and lidar observations, we have clarified some characteristics of the ionospheric and thermospheric variations in the periods from the solar minimum to maximum. The numerical simulations have shown enhancements of the thermospheric wind and temperature depending on the polar cap/auroral oval size. In addition, some numerical simulations were performed to reproduce the ionospheric and thermospheric variations due to propagation of the atmospheric waves from the lower atmosphere.