Modification of Conducting Polymer Films by Enzyme Immobilization for Fabrication of Electrodes of Biological Fuel Cells

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Bioelectrodes were fabricated with conducting polymer films for the purpose of applying them to a biological fuel cell driven with glucose. An enzyme electrode was prepared by covalently immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) on a copolymer film of 3-methylthiophene (3MT) and thiophene-3-acetic acid (T3A), which showed a good performance as an anode of the fuel cell in the presence of an electron-transferring mediator. A cathode was prepared by adsorbing laccase (Lac) on poly3MT film, which functioned as a direct electron transfer type cathode without any mediator. A fuel cell was constructed with the GOx-3MT/T3A copolymer film (anode) and the Lac-poly3MT film (cathode) and subjected to electric power generation using glucose solutions obtained by enzymatic decomposition of plants cellulose. A considerable power output (ca. 10 microW/cm2-cathode) was generated by the fuel cell driven with the plants-derived glucose solutions.