Improvement of ECH-driven plasma current startup by control of pitch angles of fast tail electrons

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One of issues to realize fusion power plant is reduction of the construction cost. While low aspect ratio torus plasma with a slim center solenoid is promising for cost reduction, non-inductive alternative to start up the plasma current is required. Among various methods of non-inductive start up the ECH/ECCD method is promising since it needs no structure in the vicinity of the plasma. It has been theoretically and experimentally shown that X wave mode-converted upon mirror reflection on the inboard wall from the oblique O wave injected from the lower field side is useful for the start up in large fusion devices. It has been also shown in a small device of the Low Aspect ratio Torus Experiment device that Electron Bernstein waves mode-converted at the upper hybrid resonance layer is useful to start up the plasma current.