Design of activated carbons for adsorptive removal of pollutants from aqueous solution

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We tried to prepare activated carbons (ACs) suitable for removing pollutants in aqueous phase from the points of textural properties and surface chemistry. Examining various carbon precursors and activated procedures, ACs prepared from bamboo using H3PO4 activation successfully achieved specific surface area of 2000 m2/g and meso-pore volume of 0.9 cm3/g. The meso-pore rich AC accommodated greater amount of large size molecules such as dye than conventional commercial meso-pore AC. Kinetics of heavy metal adsorption could also be improved by meso-pore AC. Changing carbon precursors and treating methods for carbon surface using oxidants and ammonia gas, carbon surface was switched from hydrophobic to hydrophilic nature and significant increase in heavy metals adsorption was observed, whereas AC structure was sometimes destroyed by the treatments.