Research of Singing and Meter of Yuan Opera and Kun Opera

元曲和昆曲都是为唱歌而生的。本文从乐谱、音阶、汉字读音三个方面展开研究。我的目的是寻找元曲和昆曲的音乐旋律、声调模式和韵律。我用我研究了几年的最古老的元曲曲谱《培斯响庭录》来恢复他们的旋律。它的音乐音阶是以均匀布置的笛指孔为基础的。这一次我用微型扫描仪扫描了它们，还用吹风机吹了它们，并记录了数据。我发现指孔的处理是从唐代的十八字简化而来的，昆曲的汉字发音是根据明代的发音书《中州传韵》而来的。

Yuan Opera and Kun Opera are created for singing. My research starts from three aspects: music sheets, music scales, and Han charactor pronunciations. My purpose is to search music melody, tone patterns and meters in Yuan Opera and Kun Opera. I restore their melodies using the oldest Yuan Opera music sheet "Pei si siang Ting lu", which I have researched for several years. Its music scale is based on the flute finger holes which equally disposed. This time I have scanned them with micro scanner, also blowed them with blowing machine and recorded the data. I have detected that finger holes disposition was simplified from Tang dynasty's Chiak Pat (Shaku hachi in Japanese), and that Kun Opera's Han character pronunciations is based on "Chungchou Chuanyun", the pronunciation book of Ming dynasty.