Theoretical and Empirical Study of Adverb Placement and Scale of Manner in English

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During this research period, the researcher investigated more deeply the adequacy of the "scale of manner" with adverbials, postulated in Suzuki (2008), a Ph.D. dissertation at Tohoku University. The achievements were publicized in a conference presentation, several papers and one book published in 2014. Concretely, the following 5 items were attested both theoretically and empirically; (i) correlation between the scale of manner and adverbial placement, (ii) conceptual difference in "result" between resultative predicates and manner adverbs, (iii) syntactic adequacy for the right-adjunction-to-VP approach concerning the sequence of circumstantial adverbials, (iv) unified functional conditions on such adverbials as are observed not only in the multiple-theme sequence of circumstantial adverbials but also in the adverbial extraction from the embedded clause, and (v) the "suspense effect" which can be observed at all 3 adverbial positions in a sentence.