Can Democracy Overcome Violence?: Comparative Analysis among Indian States

本研究的目的是探讨解决社会群体间暴力冲突的条件。为此，本研究比较了印度的三个邦，即比哈尔邦、古吉拉特邦和安得拉邦，这三个邦以宗教骚乱、种姓冲突和阶级冲突而闻名。通过比较这三种状态，我们可以发现三个发现。首先，社会经济不平等是暴力冲突的主要原因之一。其次，民间社会在克服这些暴力冲突中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，最后，机构改革对于防止这些暴力冲突是必不可少的，它可以与民间社会的努力共同发挥作用。

The purpose of this study is to explore the condition of solving the violent conflicts among social groups. For this purpose, this study compares three Indian states, that is, Bihar, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh, which are known for the religious riots, caste conflicts and class conflicts.By comparing these three states, we can identify three findings. Firstly, socio-economic inequality is one of the major causes of the violent conflicts. Secondly, the civil society plays an essential role to overcome these violent conflicts. Lastly, however, institutional reform is indispensable to prevent these violent conflicts, which can work jointly with the efforts of civil society.