Management of offshore development in Japanese software companies

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Offshore development has been expanded in the world. To watch offshore projects from Japan to other countries, there are many cases where unexpected results because of some troubles caused the difference in language, business custom, and culture. I had interviews with some offshore development companies in China and Vietnam. As a result, I found some success factors: 1) Bridge SE have an effect on cross-cultural management, and a participation of local SE with upper process is effective. 2) To share with all project member the recognition and perspectives on problems. 3) Establishing a relationship of trust between settlor side engineers and trustee side engineers. But, I cannot found a universal management methodology for all offshore development projects. Because of this, companies are required to construct the management system presupposes diversity.