Characteristics and transnational tendencies of national/regional culture in European border nations or regions

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Three nations/regions, each performing a reinterpretation of their culture while in the process of EU integration, were confirmed temporarily when they performed a different cultural practice because of different political circumstances and economic survival strategy. Cross-boundary spatial practices appear in the manner of conforming to EU standards, applying for registration as a world heritage and/or sightseeing spot, or standardizing the results and forms of migration and the market economy. The cultural practice of creating collective bonds to integrate a territory causes differences in cultural representation due to the strength or weakness of the neighboring country's power, the population scale, the main industry, the stability of the political system, the area's history including occupation and liberation experiences, and the affinity with the EU system.