Experimental studies on the astronomical interested ultrafine particles

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The crystallization temperature of the amorphous enstatite grains was determined to be 600oC. When the amorphous grains were covered with an amorphous carbon layer, crystallized of enstatite phase took place at 450oC,and when it was covered with an amorphous carbon layer produced in CH4 gas, crystallization took place at room temperature in less than 16 min upon exposure to air. Crystalline fayalite,olivine and silicon carbide grains with diameter less than 50 nm are produced by the direct evaporation of a mixture of (Fe,SiO),(Fe,Mg,SiO),and (Si,C).