Fundamental study for higher current density operation of copper electrorefining by controlling polarization with fluid flow of electrolyte

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A higher current density operation of copper electrorefining is desired to achieve the higher productivity. It is important to control the mass transfer on the electrodes and hence to acquire systematic data under the clear conditions of the mass transfer because many factors of electrolysis mutually affect each other. In this research, effects of fluid flow on the electrolysis were investigated by using RDE (rotating disk electrode) since the apparatus is small and the control is easy. Increasing the current density increased the polarization and the roughness of the deposit. Increasing the rotation speed decreased the polarization and made the surface flat. The additions of impurity elements changed the electrode potential in the high current density even with the rotation of the electrode. The addition of glue increased the polarization even with the fluid flow and achieved the flat surface.