The analysis of functional domains of NS1 protein involved in the regulation of influenza C virus replication

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To investigate the mechanism by which influenza C virus NS1 protein can up-regulate splicing, we tried to find the nuclear localization signal of NS1. The C-terminal deletion mutants of NS1 were expressed in COS-1 cells and the intracellular localization of the expressed mutants was analyzed by immunofluorescence. The wild type NS1 composed of residues 1-246 and C-terminal deletion mutant of residues 1-154 were localized in the cytoplasm predominantly. However, C-terminal deletion mutant of residues 1-108 was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. These results suggest that nuclear export signal of NS1 may be present between residues 109 and 154.