Basic research of smooth muscle cells generated from induced pluripotent stem cells for urethral tissue engineering.

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Stress urinary incontinence is associated with a reduced quality of life. An intact urethral sphincter is mandatory to maintain urinary continence. Adult stem cell injection therapy for the regenerative repair of an impaired sphincter is currently at the forefront of research. Recently, the establishment of iPS cells has offered a novel therapeutic strategy to generate patient-specific stem cell lines. Here we have investigated whether iPS cells are able to differentiate into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro. Human iPS cell monolayers were treated with 10-5 mol/L all-trans retinoid acid (RA). After 7 days of RA treatment, we found that iPS cells highly expressed the SMC-markers including SMa-actin, SM myosin HC, myocardin, and desmin determined by immunofluorescence. Our date have established a simple iPS-SMC system to generate SMCs in vitro, which has tremendous potential to generate individualized SMCs for urethral tissue engineering and continence recover.