Regulation of ultraviolet-induced actiation of p38, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and apoptosis in corneal epithelial cells

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We irradiated ultraviolet onto the cultured corneal epithelial cells with various conditions. Phosphorylation of p38, decrease of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, and upregulation of a transcriptional factor, snail occurred, however, the representative mesenchymal markers were not induced.We suspected that ultraviolet alone was insufficient for induction. We also assessed the addition of cytokines (TGF-beta and/or TNF-alpha), however the combined stimuli with ultraviolet and cytokines did not success induction of epithelial mesenchymal transition characterized by upregulation of mesenchymal markers.