Overexpression of the atypical protein kinase C rambda/iota in oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with degrees of malignancy

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Atypical protein kinase C lambda/iota (aPKC lambda/iota) is a cell polarity-regulating protein and is localized in the tight junction or apical membrane in the epithelial cell. Previous studies suggested that aPKC lambda/iota over-expression and abnormal localization were involved in tumor progression in some cancers. We investigated the correlation between the aPKC lambda/iota expression pattern and the clinicopathological parameters in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases immunohistochemically, and evaluated the utility of aPKC lambda/iota expression pattern as a biomarker for the degree of malignancy.As a result, we found immunostaining for aPKC lambda/iota was more intense in poorly differentiated OSCC, compared with moderately- and well- differentiated cases. In addition, cases of younger ages showed intense immunostaining for aPKC lambda/iota than in older. These results suggest that aPKC lambda/iota overexpression might be useful to predict the clinical outcomes of OSCC.