The development of combined oral-functional improvement program including speech and swallowing function for community-dwelling elderly.

我们对社区老年人的口腔功能进行了调查，以制定口腔功能改善方案。观察连续练习6个月后患者口腔功能的变化。我们还进行了为期两年的纵向研究，以调查口腔功能变化的决定因素。口腔功能或沟通满意度的下降与ADL、QOL和生命力得分降低显著相关。实施为期6个月的口语和运动综合功能改善方案后，受试者的言语和吞咽功能均得以维持。在两年的纵向研究中，嘴唇和舌头运动的精细程度的下降反映了吞咽困难风险的增加。我们的结果表明，口腔功能改善计划，包括体力活动和锻炼，以提高唇舌运动功能的精细度，对社区老年人更有效。

We conducted the survey of the oral function for community-dwelling elderly, to develop the oral-functional improvement program. We investigated the change of oral function after the 6-month continuously practice of the program. We also conducted the two-year longitudinal study to investigate the determinants of the change of the oral function. Decline of the oral function or satisfaction for communication significantly associated with lower score of ADL, QOL, and vitality. Subjects with practicing 6-month combined oral and motor functional improvement program showed the maintenance of speech and swallowing function. In the two-year longitudinal study, decline of elaborateness in lip and tongue movements reflected the increasing of dysphagia risk. Our results indicated that oral functional improvement program, including the physical activity and exercise to heighten the elaborateness in motor function of lip and tongue is more effective for community-dwelling elderly.