Mechanisms of spindle elongation controlling the chromosome segregation during anaphase: quantitative measurement of forces generated by the mitotic spindle

细胞分裂过程中染色体分裂为子细胞的过程是由大小和形状合适的双极纺锤体介导的。我们计划通过定量力测量来研究主轴延伸机械的潜在机制。本项目主要研究成果如下：(1)建立了减数分裂纺锤体内染色质动力学实时观察分析技术。(2)利用显微操作技术，找到了控制脊椎动物减数分裂纺锤体大小的参数。(3)揭示了减数分裂纺锤体沿极轴方向的微观力学特征。(4)我们成功地定量测量了后期细胞产生的力。

The process of partitioning chromosomes into daughter cells during cell division is mediated by a bipolar spindle of proper size and shape. We planned to investigate the underlying mechanisms of spindle elongation machinery by quantitative force measurements. The main results of this project are summarized as follows: (1) We developed the technique for real-time observation to analyze dynamics of chromokinesin within meiotic spindle. (2) Using micromanipulation technique, we found the parameters controlling the size of vertebrate meiotic spindle. (3) We revealed the micromechanics of meiotic spindle along the pole-to-pole axis. (4) We succeeded in quantitatively measuring forces generated by anaphase cells.