Proposal for prevention strategies against the enlarged turbidity currents

针对浊流扩大的预防策略建议

• 批准号: 23651181
• 负责人: BABA Nobuhiro
• 金额: $ 2.41万
• 依托单位: Osaka Prefecture University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2011 至 2013
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23651181/
• 关键词: 土砂災害; 防災; 乱泥流; 重力流; 計算流体力学

This study proposes the practical methods of controlling the turbidity currents and the strategies to protect human properties in the serious disasters which have been more frequently brought about by heavy precipitation extraordinarily concentrated in some local mountainous areas due to global warming. We carried out the experiments using a small inclined tank and the computations based on the finite volume solution of the Navier-Stokes equations for such enlarged turbidity currents. The results indicate that the interaction of the currents with the obstacles certainly reduces the rate of energy supply to the head from the latter part of the current by dividing the powerful head with a large amount of the mass and energy into the upper and lower parts. It is found that as a result even the system of horizontal flat structures away from the bottom has considerable effects to depress the destructive impact force without any burden on the environment.

本研究针对全球变暖导致局部山区强降水异常集中带来的严重灾害更加频繁的情况，提出了控制浊流的实用方法和保护人类财产的策略。我们使用一个小型倾斜槽进行了实验，并基于Navier-Stokes方程的有限体积解对这种扩大的浊度流进行了计算。结果表明，由于水流与障碍物的相互作用，将具有较大质量和能量的强力水头分为上下两部分，从而降低了后段向水头供能的速率。结果发现，即使是远离底部的水平平面结构体系，在不增加环境负担的情况下，也有相当大的抑制破坏性冲击力的效果。

项目成果

乱泥流のエネルギーの計測と制御に関する実験

湍流泥浆流能量测量与控制实验

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: 冨宿敦志;馬場信弘
• 通讯作者: 馬場信弘

重力流の先端速度に及ぼす壁面摩擦の影響

壁面摩擦力对重力流叶尖速度的影响

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: 森田哲;馬場信弘
• 通讯作者: 馬場信弘