Measurement of sound field and intelligibility of speech in snow

雪中​​声场和语音清晰度的测量

• 批准号: 23651182
• 负责人: SAKAKIBARA Ken-ichi
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2011 至 2012
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23651182/
• 关键词: 雪氷災害; 音声; 明瞭度; 音場; 積雪音響測定; 雪崩救助; 音声明瞭度

In this research project, acoustic characteristic of sound insulation of two different snow packs: (1) a natural snow pack; and (2) a compressed snow pack by stomping, were measured. Acoustic characteristics of a compressed snow pack directly vibrated by stomping on surface and sticking with ski poles were also measured. In the case of a natural snow pack, the relative power of a high-frequency range was attenuated more than that of a lower-frequency range, and in the case of a compressed snow pack, the relative power was uniformly attenuated across a wide frequency range. In a compressed snow, attenuation reached to more than 40 dB uniformly in all frequency domains. On the other hands, in a method directly vibrating a snow pack, such as ski-pole sticking and stomping, sound pressure level measured at 30 cm depth was about 20 dB greater than the MAF (minimum audible field) across a wide frequency domain. Furthermore, even if a vibrating point was 1 m far from the position of a microphone in a horizontal direction, sound pressure level at 60 cm was 10 dB greater than the MAF at 1000Hz. The results suggest that sticking with ski poles is effective to send sounds to a burial, and much better than voice call.

在本研究计画中，量测两种不同积雪的隔音声学特性：（1）天然积雪;（2）踩踏压缩积雪。同时，还测量了积雪在踩踏和滑雪杖作用下的声学特性。在自然积雪的情况下，高频范围的相对功率比低频范围的相对功率衰减得更多，而在压缩积雪的情况下，相对功率在宽频率范围内均匀衰减。在压缩的雪中，衰减在所有频域均匀地达到40 dB以上。另一方面，在直接振动积雪的方法中，例如滑雪杆粘附和踩踏，在30 cm深度处测量的声压级在宽频域上比MAF（最小可听场）大约20 dB。此外，即使振动点在水平方向上距离麦克风位置1 m，60 cm处的声压级也比1000 Hz时的MAF高10 dB。结果表明，坚持与滑雪杆是有效的发送声音到一个埋葬，比语音呼叫好得多。

项目成果

雪中への音の伝搬特性

雪中​​声音传播特性

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: 牧 勝弘;山川 仁子;天野 成昭;榊原健一
• 通讯作者: 榊原健一

What can avalanche burials hear? --acoustic characteristics of snow and their relation to input sounds

雪崩墓葬能听到什么？

• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Proceedings of International Snow Science Workshop
• 作者: Ken-Ichi Sakakibara;Katuhiro Maki;Kimiko Yamakawa;and Shigeaki Amano;Ken-Ichi Sakakibara
• 通讯作者: Ken-Ichi Sakakibara

What can avalanche burials hear? - acoustic characteristics of snow packs and their relation to input sounds

雪崩墓葬能听到什么？

• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Proceedings of International Snow Science Workshop
• 作者: Ken-Ichi Sakakibara;Katuhiro Maki;Kimiko Yamakawa;and Shigeaki Amano
• 通讯作者: and Shigeaki Amano

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