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Restructuring patent prosecution process as a tool of implementing competition policy-from a fundamental point of view

重组专利审查程序作为实施竞争政策的工具——从基本角度来看

基本信息

批准号：
23653030
负责人：
HIRASHIMA Ryuta
金额：
$ 1.33万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2011 至 2012
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The main purpose of this research project is to get some insight about if we could reconstruct patent prosecution process (which consists of patent application, examination, objection and board trial), almost conducted by Patent & Trademark Office (PTO),as a useful tool of implementing best competition policy. The summary of conclusion is below; 1) the answer to “Is it theoretically possible for PTO to estimate the effect of patent-applied invention from the point of competition policy? ” would be positive, that means, mostly, “Yes”. Though, to estimate competitive effect in the market of applied inventions in patent prosecution process, we should make new enactment about that and could not suffer from huge administrative cost to implement the system in PTO.2) the answer to ”Could the ”exclusivity” of patent right be theoretically adjusted by limiting the scope of activities protecting patented invention under the “patent right”(such as “make “,”use”, ”sell”, etc)?” is not definitive yet.To vary the scope of exclusion by the patent right from respective inventions would be an epoch-making idea as some scholarship in U.S. suggest, though, this research has made clear that much problems to be solved would be accompanied at the same time. 3) the answer to question 3)”If we could introduce above two hypothetical “ideas” into patent prosecution process, how effects could we expect?” is; today, technological innovation going on so fast, it seems very difficult for the PTO to currently estimate precisely the effect of patent-applied invention from the point of competition policy, so, there need tobe much study to implement the idea of estimating the market effect from the point of competition policy, particularly, much study about balancing between cost and benefit to institute the above idea.

本研究课题的主要目的是探讨是否可以将专利申请、审查、异议、审理等基本上由专利商标局（PTO）主导的专利审查程序作为实施最佳竞争政策的有效工具加以重构。结论总结如下：1）回答了“专利商标局从竞争政策的角度评估专利申请发明的效果在理论上是否可能？“会是积极的，这意味着，大多数情况下，“是的”。但是，为了评估专利审查过程中应用发明的市场竞争效果，我们应该重新制定专利审查程序，而不应承担在专利权组织中实施该制度的巨大行政成本。2）回答“专利权的“排他性”是否可以通过限制“专利权”下保护专利发明的活动范围而在理论上得到调整“（如“制造“、“使用”、“出售”等）美国的一些学者认为，改变专利权对发明的排除范围是一个划时代的想法，但这项研究表明，同时也存在许多问题需要解决。3)对问题3）“如果将上述两种假设的“理念”引入专利审查过程，会产生怎样的效果？”是;在技术创新日新月异的今天，专利局目前似乎很难从竞争政策的角度对专利申请发明的市场效果进行准确的评估，因此，从竞争政策的角度评估市场效果的理念还需要进行大量的研究，特别是成本与收益的平衡研究。