Studies of electronic nematic phases by precision torque measurements

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In this project, we utilized the angular dependence of magnetic torque as a powerful probe of the "electronic nematicity", which is a state with rotational symmetry breaking recently discussed in strongly correlated electron systems. By using highly sensitive micro cantilever technique, we found in-plane anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility in the normal state of iron-based superconductors as well as in the so-called hidden order phase of heavy-fermion compound URu2Si2. The results established the presence of electronic nematic states in these strongly correlated materials.