Research and Development of Visualization of Affected Lesion in Arthroscopic Surgery Using Augmented Reality

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Augmented reality, AR is an innovative technology which superimposes virtual reality images onto a real world. It can visualize an affected lesion hidden by normal structures. We have introduced it into the arthroscopic surgery. We aimed to examine the usefulness of the AR navigation system in the arthroscopic surgery.The navigation system arthroscopy was built with newly designed device and modified point to point registration using the customized reference stay with optical markers. We designed models of osteochondritis dissecans, OCD knees. Registration was performed using skin markers and Poraris optical tracking system. The accuracy of registration and that of image overlay using new devices were evaluated.The accuracy of registration by using the new devices was mean 0.94 +- 0.74mm. The overlay accuracy was mean 3.51 +- 2.64mm on 2D monitor. AR is a useful help for arthroscopic surgery not only in the treatment of OCD lesion but also in the treatment of ACL injury and tumors.