Degradation of b-glucan absorbed from intestine and the effect of degraded b-glucan on the intestinal immune function

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Using the extracellular domain of Dectin-1 as b-glucan-specific probes, we succeeded in detection of soluble and Dectin-1-reactive b-glucan discharged from macrophage cell lines as well as mouse peritoneal macrophages, which had phagocytized insoluble b-glucan particles. The RAW264.7 cell culture-supernatant containing the discharged b-glucan stimulated RAW264.7 cells, resulting in the induction of cytokine expression. Such discharge of Dectin-1-reactive b-glucan from macrophage cells was inhibited by either NADPH oxidase inhibitors or radical scavengers. These results suggest that degraded but Dectin-1-reactive b-glucan is discharged from macrophage cells phagocytizing insoluble b-glucan particles and stimulates the other phagocytes.