Does KOSA (Yellow Sand) work as a long-distance carrier of pathogens?

为了研究KOSA（黄沙）在从大陆到日本的长途旅行中是否能保持附着在沙粒表面的致病细菌和病毒的感染性和致病性，我试图制作一种仪器，重现KOSA在旅行中暴露的条件。该装置包括一个装有砂样的圆底烧瓶，用磁力搅拌器将砂样旋转起来，用小型冷冻机和加热器控制温度，连接真空泵以降低大气压力，用注射器将化学品注入烧瓶。我制作了一些装置的原型，并调查了从大陆到日本的途中沙粒暴露的环境条件。根据实验结果，我将把一些没有致病性的模型细菌和病毒放入仪器中，研究它们在长途旅行后是否“活着”。

In order to investigate whether KOSA (Yellow Sand) can keep infectivity and pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria and viruses which stick on the surface of the sand particles during their long trip from the continent to Japan, I tried to make an apparatus which reproduces the conditions to which the KOSA is exposed during its trip. The apparatus consisted of a round flask in which sand sample is put and whirled up by magnetic stirrer, small freezer and heater unit which control the temperature, connection to vacuum pump to reduce atmospheric pressure and injector through which chemicals are put into the flask.In the period of the project, I made some prototypes of the apparatus and investigated the environmental condition to which the sand particles are exposed on the way from the continent to Japan. Based on the results, I will put some model bacteria and viruses with no pathogenicity into the apparatus to investigate whether they are 'alive' after the long journey.