Discovery of novel archaeal lineages and their ecophysiological functions in terrestrial subsurface environment

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This study investigated phylogeny and ecophysiplogical functions of uncultured archaea and their related bacteria likely contributing to biogeochemical processes in terrestrial subsurface environments by polyphasic approaches including geochemical, microbiological and the advanced molecular ecological approaches. In particular, the present study discovered unidentified phylum or class level lineages in the domain Archaea in terrestrial subsurface environments such as glacial till, deep high temperature groundwater, deep oil & natural gas fields, etc. Single cell genome analysis provided genome fragments of some of the uncultured archaea and bacteria found in the terrestrial subsurface environments. Furthermore, we have succeeded in obtaining enrichment culture and pure culture of uncultured archaea from terrestrial subsurface environments and characterized their phylogenetic and ecophysiological functions.