Mechanical Evaluation of Pressure Ulcer Prevention due to Reduced Stress in Supine Position

压疮是对血管化软组织施加高强度和长时间的机械负荷，通过代谢剥夺和/或严重变形导致细胞死亡的结果。因此，在本研究中，我们重点关注压疮发生的外因机制。测量枕骨、肩胛骨和骶骨下皮肤表面的剪应力和压力。在此基础上，采用粘弹性有限元方法对车身内部的应力状态进行了数值分析。结果表明，骶骨下最上部皮下组织的应力与其投影形状和大小有很大关系。

Pressure ulcer is consequence of intense and prolonged mechanical loading of vascularized soft tissues, which causes cell death through metabolic deprivation and/or critical deformation. Therefore in this research we focused attention on the external causes of pressure ulcer generating mechanism. We measured shear stress and pressure on the skin surface under the occiput, the scapula and the sacrum. Furthermore, the stress states in the body were numerically examined using viscoelastic finite element method. It was shown that the stress on uppermost of subcutaneous tissue under the sacrum greatly depended on the projection shape and the size of the sacrum.