Estimation of mercury emission from small-scale gold mining inIndonesia

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In Palu City , Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, the wind direction alters in the nighttime and in the daytime every day. High concentration of gaseous mercury was observed at the leeward. According to the atmospheric dispersion model, the emission of gaseous mercury from the artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Palu city to the atmosphere was estimated to be 53 tons per year . Although it has been reported that in the ASGM of Palu city 180 tons of mercury per year is released into environment, such as river, soil and atmosphere, about 30% of them is emitted into the atmosphere.