Sustainable Typo-morphology for Residential Areas: A Comparative Study between Tokyo and Madrid

通过比较马德里和东京的居住区案例，我们探讨了几种居住区类型形态与公共空间活力之间的关系。在东京，我们研究了高层地区和独立房屋密集的低层地区的案例。在马德里，我们考察了位于郊区的中层周边街区(意为“城市延伸”)。作为结论，我们观察到，与邻近的公共空间相比，所研究的高层案例似乎并不有助于城市的活泼。低层区域创造了更清晰的生机感，但鉴于需要更高的人口密度，需要重新考虑它们。马德里的中等建筑规模增加了密度，但它缺乏街道层面的建筑界面设计来支持热闹。这项研究包括了与这些界面相关的设计样本，可以被认为是使公共生活在街道上自然出现的例子。

By comparing cases of residential areas in Madrid and Tokyo we address the relationship between several residential typo-morphologies and public space vitality. In Tokyo we examined cases of high-rise areas, and dense low-rise areas of detached houses. In Madrid we examined the medium-rise perimeter block suburban ensanches (meaning "city extensions"). As a conclusion we observed that the high-rise cases examined do not seem to contribute to urban liveliness compared to adjacent public spaces. Low-rise areas create a more clear sense of liveliness but they need to be reconsidered in the light of the need for higher population densities. The medium-rise scale found in Madrid increases density, but it lacks the architectural interface design at the street level to support liveliness. This research includes samples of designs that attend to these interfaces and can be considered as examples that enable the natural emergence of public life on the streets.